Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Irrigation Systems on the Removal of Root Canal Smear Layer: A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study

Vincenzo Tosco | Riccardo Monterubbianesi | José Aranguren | Lucia Memè | Angelo Putignano | Giovanna Orsini

📖✨ The article examines the effectiveness of four different irrigation systems in removing the smear layer from root canals using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

🔬🦷 The four tested systems are conventional irrigation, IrriFlex irrigation, ultrasonic irrigation system, and apical negative pressure (ANP) irrigation. After chemo-mechanical preparation, the root canals were analyzed by SEM. The results give only significant differences between conventional irrigation and ANP irrigation. ANP system shows the better results, but not in a significant way compared with IrriFlex and ultrasonic irrigation system, which shows similar and satisfactory results in the coronal and middle thirds. Apical thirds remain challenging.